Document.ProtectionType (Word)

Returns the protection type for the specified document. Can be one of the following WdProtectionType constants: wdAllowOnlyComments, wdAllowOnlyFormFields, wdAllowOnlyReading, wdAllowOnlyRevisions, or wdNoProtection. Possible return values are wdAllowOnlyComments - Allow only comments to be added to the document, wdAllowOnlyFormFields - Allow content to be added to the document only through form fields, wdAllowOnlyReading - Allow read-only access to the document, wdAllowOnlyRevisions - Allow only revisions to be made to existing content, wdNoProtection - Do not apply protection to the document.

If ActiveDocument.ProtectionType = wdNoProtection Then 
 ActiveDocument.Protect Type:=wdAllowOnlyComments 
End If